A pioneer species, thrives in disturbed sites, roadways and fields. Readily self seeds and fast growing, perfect for establishing pollinator meadows. Usually a biennial, some populations will behave like a perennial and spread by rhizomes. Great as cut stem flowers for bouquets and as a dye plant for textiles. The flowers have a sweet spicy scent. Frequented by many pollinators and a host species to the Wavy Lined Emerald Moth and the Silvery Checkerspot Butterfly. Birds, especially Goldfinches, love to eat their seeds in the fall. The roots are used traditionally by many Native people of the northeast. Roots contain diuretic, antimicrobial, antiparasitic and immune stimulant properties. (For informational purposes only)